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Using the transcranial electrical stimulation method to correct the psychophysiological status of athletes

Vinogradova O.L., Tarasova O.S., Netreba A.I., Popov D.V., Brave Ya.R., Borovik A.S., Lyubaeva E.V., Bersenev E.Yu., Tsvirkun D.V., Lemesheva Yu.S., Sharova A.P., *Trusov S.V.

SSC RF Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow;

*TPP Center of the I.P.Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg

INTRODUCTION The development of methods for the correction of psycho-emotional stress associated with the expectation and performance of extreme physical exertion is an urgent problem of sports physiology.

In this regard, the purpose of this work was to study the effectiveness of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) for the correction of the “pre-start syndrome” (with a single application) and to improve physical performance (with course use).

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The experiment involved young healthy male volunteers who regularly exercise. During the TPP sessions, the impact was carried out by rectangular current pulses with a duration of 3.5 ms with a frequency of 77 Hz coming from the Transair-01V apparatus.

The amplitude of the pulses was selected individually for each subject, the duration of the session was 30 minutes. The TPP course consisted of five daily sessions, which were held in the evening (between 18-00 and 20-00), testing was carried out the day after the fifth session. The physical performance of the subjects was assessed by the distance covered in 3 minutes of pedaling on a bicycle ergometer at a load of 60% of the maximum alactate power.

results. During the TES session, a slight (about 10 mmHg) increase in systolic blood pressure (BP) was observed. The heart rate (HR) did not change, but the analysis of variability revealed a change in the nervous regulation of the heart: a decrease in sinus arrhythmia and a decrease in the total power of the spectrum of the R-R interval. That is, during the thermal power plant, there is a moderate activation of the sympathetic nervous system. The effects of the TPP aftereffect had a different, homeostatic, orientation.

Systolic blood pressure before exercise increased in the Placebo group, but it did not change in the TES group. In addition, TES contributed to the recovery of heart rate after exercise and reduced the increase in cortisol in the blood induced by exercise. However, the physical performance of the subjects did not change after a single TPP session.

After the TPP course, a decrease in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was observed before the start. This was accompanied by an increase in the power of high-frequency oscillations of the RR interval, which reflects an increase in parasympathetic effects on the heart, as well as a significant decrease in the stress index.

Taken together, such changes make it possible to characterize the condition of the subjects after the TPP course as less stressful. The homeostatic influence of the thermal power plant was manifested not only in the pre-start situation, but also during exercise. Although physical performance after the TPP course also did not change, the results obtained indicate that the use of TPP makes it possible to achieve similar physical performance with less tension of vegetative work support systems.

conclusion. The use of thermal power plants causes positive changes in the nervous and hormonal regulation of autonomic functions. This dictates the need to study the effects of thermal power plants in conditions of real competitive activity.

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